实拍古老神秘的查干湖冬捕 这场面简直太壮观了
查干湖，又名查干淖尔（蒙语，意为“白色的湖”），位于吉林西部松花江畔前郭尔罗斯大草原上，天然湖面约230平方公里，是吉林省最大内陆湖，也是国内十大淡水湖之一。查干湖冬捕源于史前，盛于辽金。辽代自圣宗起，至天祚皇帝，每年都千里迢迢从京城出发，带领群臣及宫嫔后妃到查干湖巡幸、渔猎。冬春交替时节，凿冰取鱼，举行“头鱼宴”、“头鹅宴”。历史上的查干湖冬捕，是皇宫大臣的娱乐项目。直到今天，查干湖的鱼都不是人工养殖，夏天不喂饲料，靠季风把水草草籽吹到湖里让鱼吃。查干湖的冬捕时节从每年12月中旬到次年1月中旬。
从夜半时分起，一挂挂装满网具的爬犁，一群疾走的烈马，一个个翻穿羊皮袄、头戴兽皮帽的壮汉，出村过桥，翻山越岭，来到冰面上。清冷的月光下，在老渔把式停灯锁定的位置上，渔工们挥镩凿眼，走钩下网。当朝阳升上地平线时，两千多米的大网已经被渔工们牵引到出鱼处。随着马拉绞盘的转动，一尾尾鲜鱼便争相涌出冰口。
查干湖至今仍保留着原始捕捞方式，每组人员由渔把头、二下手、跟网、扭矛、走钩、小套、送旗（灯）、打更、车老板等约60人组成。这些渔民每天能拿到30至50元的报酬。冰天雪地，近千人冰上作业，几十辆机动车昼夜运输，每天数万斤鲜鱼脱冰而出。这是目前中国北方惟一依然用传统捕捞方式进行冬捕作业的原始捕鱼部落。
查干湖最好的鱼是大白鱼，但是这种鱼非常稀少，每斤卖到100元。最多的是鲤鱼鲢鱼，最受大家喜爱的是大胖头鱼。打上来的鱼，如果挑到满意的可以直接在冰面上称重购买。不同种类的鱼价格不同，最最便宜的二等鲤鱼10元一斤，4斤以上的一等鲤鱼20元一斤。大胖头鱼价格不菲，12斤以上的就是一等鱼，冰面上购买的价格达到50元一斤。价格昂贵，但是有很多人来抢购，每当一条大胖头鱼跃出水面，围观的人都会一哄而上去抢夺，抢到的人一脸喜悦。
查干湖的鱼产品远销到北京、长春、吉林、大庆、哈尔滨、内蒙等地，每年冬捕产量150-200万斤。施忠威文/摄
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冰箱都不用了
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