半根烟 发表于 2013-1-27 12:09:26

实拍关中古老民居地窑 那些即将消失的地下四合院

三原地处关中腹地,历史悠久,文物古迹星罗棋布,有多处新石器时代遗址。嵯峨天井岸的天齐祠遗址,是汉代皇帝祭天之地。唐代十八陵有献陵、庄陵和端陵在三原境内。

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北部塬区因常年干旱,这里的百姓自古有挖窑居住的习惯,在县城北部塬区有一种叫地窑的民居至今还有人居住

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所渭地坑窑就是在平坦的塬面上挖一个长宽大约二十米左右、深约七、八米的深方坑,然后在四周开凿窑洞,其中有一孔留作门洞,设有斜坡通到地面,作为这户人家的大门。

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每个地窑院中都要挖一口水窖,用来收雨水。地窖中的窑洞分卧室、厨房、粮仓、牛棚和羊圈,有的窑洞与窑洞之间用洞连接起来。

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地坑窑的好处就是冬暖夏凉,造价很低,只要家里有劳力,就可以打窑,打一院地窑从开工到完工,需要四到五年时间,花费的人力和辛劳可想而知。

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由地窑洞组成的村子,站在远处是看不见,寻找村落的最好方法是看塬上哪里树多,哪里就有村落。

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听上了年纪的老人讲,过去每到夜里,不知情的外地人是不敢随意在村子走动的,弄不好就会掉进谁家的地窑里,所以当地百姓又把地坑院窑洞称做暗庄子。

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随着时代的的变换、经济的发展,农村居住条件的改善,大部分人家都不再打窑而盖了新房。

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而老人内心对地窑那难以割舍的情感,却是儿孙们无法体会与感知的,不是说走就能走的。

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虽然家里也盖了新房,孩子们都搬了出去,但老人们离不开自己亲手打造的地窑,他们甘愿过着平淡的生活,也要默默的守望着他们的地窑。

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随着老人一个个的离去,这些失去主人的地窑,也失去了往日的光泽日渐苍老。

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如今,村子里随处都可以见到破败、废弃、崩塌的地窑还有孤独的老人,遗憾的是这些古老的、令人留恋的地窑正从我们的视线中逐渐消失,到那时,我们失去的不仅仅是地窑……

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翱翔的飞鹰 发表于 2013-1-27 16:16:06

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